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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">inovmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Инновационная медицина Кубани</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Innovative Medicine of Kuban</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9897</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35401/2541-9897-2025-10-2-16-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">inovmed-1182</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительное исследование хирургических подходов в лечении объемных образований средостения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Study of Surgical Approaches for Mediastinal Masses</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1351-839X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эшонходжаев</surname><given-names>О. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eshonkhodjaev</surname><given-names>O. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эшонходжаев Отабек Джураевич - д. м. н., профессор, первый заместитель директора.</p><p>100115, Ташкент, ул. Кичик Халка Йули 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Otabek D. Eshonkhodjaev - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, First Deputy Director, Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center for Surgery named after Academician V. Vakhidov.</p><p>10 Kichik halqa yo‘li ko‘chasi, 10, Tashkent, 100115</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.otabek@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7893-9304</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахимий</surname><given-names>Ш. У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhimiy</surname><given-names>Sh. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рахимий Шариф Уктамович - к. м. н., торакальный хирург.</p><p>Ургенч</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sharif U. Rakhimiy - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Thoracic Surgeon, SURGEMED Clinic.</p><p>Urgench</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0572-1395</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Порханов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Porhanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Порханов Владимир Алексеевич - д. м. н., профессор, академик РАН, главный врач.</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Porhanov - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chief Physician, Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1.</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский специализированный научно-практический медицинский центр хирургии им. акад. В. Вахидова</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center for Surgery named after Academician V. Vakhidov</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клиника «SURGEMED»</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SURGEMED Clinic</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт – Краевая клиническая больница № 1 им. проф. С.В. Очаповского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Эшонходжаев О.Д., Рахимий Ш.У., Порханов В.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эшонходжаев О.Д., Рахимий Ш.У., Порханов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eshonkhodjaev O.D., Rakhimiy S.U., Porhanov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.innovmedkub.ru/jour/article/view/1182">https://www.innovmedkub.ru/jour/article/view/1182</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность: Лечение объемных образований средостения представляет собой важную задачу в современной торакальной хирургии. Видеоторакоскопия (ВАТС) становится все более востребованной благодаря миниинвазивности по сравнению с традиционными подходами, такими как торакотомия и стернотомия.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: Изучить различия в интраоперационном и периоперационном периодах у пациентов, перенесших ВАТС, торакотомию и стернотомию.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: В исследование было включено 616 пациентов с объемными образованиями средостения, которым в ГУ «Республиканский специализированный научно-практический медицинский центр хирургии им. акад. В. Вахидова» г. Ташкента были выполнены хирургические вмешательства: торакотомия (n=420), стернотомия (n=84) и ВАТС (n=112). Для проведения сравнения применялся метод сопоставления по баллам склонности (propensity score matching, PSM), что обеспечивало равномерное распределение по ключевым предоперационным характеристикам.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: В группе ВАТС продолжительность операции была значительно короче (83,2±17,5 мин), чем при торакотомии (125,7±61,9 мин, p&lt;0,001) и стернотомии (128,8±46,1 мин, p&lt;0,001), отмечался меньший обьем интраоперационной кровопотери (125,8±7,4 мл), чем при торакотомии (350,4±11,4 мл, p&lt;0,001) и стернотомии (400,6±13,5 мл, p&lt;0,001). Средняя продолжительность искусственной вентиляции легких при ВАТС составила 2,49±0,5 ч, что также существенно меньше по сравнению с торакотомией (8,3±2,1 ч, p&lt;0,001) и стернотомией (10,1±3,3 ч, p&lt;0,001). Послеоперационное пребывание в стационаре было короче в группе ВАТС (7,4±2,7 против 11,5±4,1 дней при торакотомии и 11,7±4,3 дней при стернотомии (p&lt;0,001)). Частота ранних послеоперационных осложнений была значительно меньше в группе ВАТС – 2 случая (2,6%) по сравнению с группами торакотомии и стернотомии, где наблюдалось 12 (15,6%) и 14 (18,2%) случаев соответственно (p=0,006 и p=0,002).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: Методика ВАТС демонстрирует преимущества перед традиционными методами, такими как торакотомия и стернотомия, обеспечивает меньшую кровопотерю, более короткое время операции, пребывания в стационаре и низкую частоту осложнений.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: Treatment of mediastinal masses poses a significant challenge in modern thoracic surgery. Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is gaining popularity due to its minimally invasive approach compared with traditional methods, such as thoracotomy and sternotomy.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To study differences in intraoperative and perioperative periods among patients who underwent VATS, thoracotomy, or sternotomy.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods: The study included a total of 616 patients with mediastinal masses who underwent surgery at the Republican Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Center of Surgery named after Academician V. Vakhidov (Tashkent, Uzbekistan): thoracotomy (n=420), sternotomy (n=84), and VATS (n=112). Propensity score matching was used for comparison to ensure balanced distribution across key preoperative characteristics.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the VATS group, surgery duration was significantly shorter (83.2±17.5 minutes) compared with thoracotomy (125.7±61.9 minutes, P &lt;.001) and sternotomy (128.8±46.1 minutes, P &lt;.001). Intraoperative blood loss was also lower in the VATS group (125.8±7.4 mL) compared with thoracotomy (350.4±11.4 mL, P &lt;.001) and sternotomy (400.6±13.5 mL, P &lt;.001). The mean duration of mechanical ventilation was 2.49±0.5 hours in the VATS group, which was significantly shorter than in the thoracotomy group (8.3±2.1 hours, P &lt;.001) and the sternotomy group (10.1±3.3 hours, P &lt;.001). Postoperative hospital stay was shorter in the VATS group (7.4±2.7 days) compared with thoracotomy (11.5±4.1 days) and sternotomy (11.7±4.3 days, P &lt;.001). The rate of early postoperative complications was also significantly lower in the VATS group with 2 cases (2.6%) compared with 12 cases (15.6%) in the thoracotomy group and 14 cases (18.2%) in the sternotomy group (P =.006 and P =.002, respectively).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: VATS demonstrated advantages over traditional methods, such asthoracotomy and sternotomy. It offers shorter surgery duration and hospital stay, decreased blood loss, and fewer complications.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>объемные образования средостения</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd><kwd>видеоторакоскопия</kwd><kwd>торакотомия</kwd><kwd>стернотомия</kwd><kwd>послеоперационные осложнения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mediastinal masses</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd><kwd>video-assisted thoracic surgery</kwd><kwd>thoracotomy</kwd><kwd>sternotomy</kwd><kwd>postoperative complications</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Azizad S, Sannananja B, Restrepo CS. Solid tumors of the mediastinum in adults. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2016;37(3):196–211. PMID: 27261345. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.sult.2016.03.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Azizad S, Sannananja B, Restrepo CS. 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