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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">inovmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Инновационная медицина Кубани</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Innovative Medicine of Kuban</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9897</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35401/2541-9897-2026-11-1-108-115</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">inovmed-1449</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности периоперационного ведения при нефрэктомии с тромбэктомией из нижней полой вены у пациентов с почечно-клеточным раком</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Perioperative Management Considerations in Nephrectomy with Inferior Vena Cava Thrombectomy in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5160-925X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грицкевич</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gritskevich</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Грицкевич Александр Анатольевич - д. м. н., заведующий отделением урологии, НМИЦ хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского; профессор кафедры урологии и оперативной нефрологии с курсом онкоурологии, РУДН им. Патриса Лумумбы.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Gritskevich - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Urology Department, National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after A. Vishnevsky; Professor, Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology with a Course in Oncourology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2537-954X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Струнин</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strunin</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Струнин Олег Всеволодович - д. м. н., руководитель группы реанимации и интенсивной терапии осложнённого послеоперационного периода, НМИЦ хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского; профессор кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом медицинской реабилитации, РУДН им. Патриса Лумумбы.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg V. Strunin - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Resuscitation and Intensive Care Group for Complicated Postoperative Period, National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after A. Vishnevsky; Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with a Course in Medical Rehabilitation, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-1664</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Байтман</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baitman</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Байтман Татьяна Павловна - к. м. н., научный сотрудник отделения урологии, НМИЦ хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского; ассистент кафедры урологии и оперативной нефрологии с курсом онкоурологии, РУДН им. Патриса Лумумбы.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Большая Серпуховская, 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana P. Baitman - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Researcher, Urology Department, National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after A. Vishnevsky; Assistant Professor of the Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology with a Course in Oncourology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba.</p><p>27 Bolshaya Serpukhovskaya St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bit.t@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6460-239X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пархоменко</surname><given-names>Д. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parkhomenko</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пархоменко Даниил Александрович – аспирант.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daniil A. Parkhomenko - Postgraduate Student, National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after A. Vishnevsky.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6226-3573</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаинян</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shainyan</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шаинян Максимильян Борисович - врач – анестезиолог-реаниматолог.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maximilyan B. Shainyan - Anesthesiologist-Intensivist, National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after A. Vishnevsky.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6370-3248</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малик</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malik</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малик Василий Васильевич - врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily V. Malik - Anesthesiologist-Intensivist, National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after A. Vishnevsky.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9676-1802</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Монаков</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Monakov</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Монаков Дмитрий Михайлович - к. м. н., старший научный сотрудник отделения урологии, НМИЦ хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского; доцент кафедры урологии и оперативной нефрологии с курсом онкоурологии, РУДН им. Патриса Лумумбы.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry M. Monakov - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Urology Department, National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after A. Vishnevsky; Associate Professor, Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology with a Course in Oncourology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1791-9163</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ревишвили</surname><given-names>А. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Revishvili</surname><given-names>A. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ревишвили Амиран Шотаевич - д. м. н., профессор, академик РАН, генеральный директор НМИЦ хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Amiran Sh. Revishvili - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director of the National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after A. Vishnevsky.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского; Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after A. Vishnevsky; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Surgery named after A. Vishnevsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>108</fpage><lpage>115</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Грицкевич А.А., Струнин О.В., Байтман Т.П., Пархоменко Д.A., Шаинян М.Б., Малик В.В., Монаков Д.М., Ревишвили А.Ш., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Грицкевич А.А., Струнин О.В., Байтман Т.П., Пархоменко Д.A., Шаинян М.Б., Малик В.В., Монаков Д.М., Ревишвили А.Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gritskevich A.A., Strunin O.V., Baitman T.P., Parkhomenko D.A., Shainyan M.B., Malik V.V., Monakov D.M., Revishvili A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.innovmedkub.ru/jour/article/view/1449">https://www.innovmedkub.ru/jour/article/view/1449</self-uri><abstract><p>Почечно-клеточный рак – одно из наиболее распространённых онкоурологических заболеваний, сопровождающихся высокой смертностью. Ежегодно в мире выявляют около 120 тыс. новых случаев почечно-клеточного рака, что составляет около 2% в структуре онкологической заболеваемости.</p><p>Опухолевый тромбоз нижней полой вены развивается в 25–30% случаев и является жизнеугрожающим состоянием. В соответствии с современными клиническими рекомендациями, нефрэктомия с тромбэктомией показана таким пациентам в качестве радикального оперативного вмешательства или циторедуктивной операции, как этап мультимодального лечения. Анализ опыта хирургического лечения и периоперационного ведения больных раком почки, осложнённым «высоким» опухолевым тромбозом III и IV уровней (по классификации клиники Mayo), критически важен для улучшения результатов лечения этой сложной категории пациентов.</p><p>Исходно отягощённое общее состояние пациента (опухолевая интоксикация, анемия, гиперазотемия, тромбоз венозной системы нижних конечностей, наряду с сопутствующей патологий) и объём хирургического вмешательства определяют высокий риск осложнений (до 93%) и госпитальной летальности (до 10%). Предоперационная оценка рисков, тщательная предоперационная подготовка необходимы для безопасного выполнения операции и ранней реабилитации.</p><p>В настоящее время отсутствуют общепринятые алгоритмы ведения пациентов с опухолевым тромбозом нижней полой вены, а существующие рекомендации во многом носят общий характер и не учитывают особенностей состояния пациента и хирургического вмешательства. В обзоре предпринята попытка объединить современные данные о патофизиологических особенностях течения заболевания, осложнениях периоперационного периода, способах их профилактики и лечения с целью разработки индивидуализированных подходов к ведению этих пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Renal cell carcinoma is one of the most common oncourological malignancies and is associated with high mortality. Approximately 120,000 new cases of renal cell carcinoma are diagnosed worldwide each year, accounting for nearly 2% of the global cancer incidence.</p><p>Tumor thrombosis of the inferior vena cava develops in 25-30% of cases and represents a life-threatening condition. According to current clinical guidelines, nephrectomy with thrombectomy is indicated in these patients as a radical surgical procedure or as a cytoreductive procedure within a multimodal treatment strategy. Analysis of surgical outcomes and perioperative management in patients with renal cancer complicated by “high-level” tumor thrombosis of levels III and IV (according to the Mayo Clinic classification) is critically important for improving treatment outcomes in this challenging patient population.</p><p>The patient’s initial general condition (tumor-related intoxication, anemia, hyperazotemia, venous thrombosis of the lower extremities, along with comorbidities) and the extent of surgical intervention determine a high risk of complications (up to 93%) and in-hospital mortality (up to 10%). Preoperative risk assessment and careful preoperative preparation are essential for the safe surgical intervention and early rehabilitation.</p><p>Currently, there are no universally accepted management algorithms for patients with tumor thrombosis of the inferior vena cava, and existing recommendations are largely general and do not consider the patient’s clinical condition or the specifics of the surgical intervention. The review aims to integrate current data on the pathophysiological features of the disease, perioperative complications, methods for their prevention and treatment in order to develop individualized approaches to patient management.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак почки</kwd><kwd>опухолевый тромбоз</kwd><kwd>периоперационный период</kwd><kwd>осложнения</kwd><kwd>гемостаз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>renal cell carcinoma</kwd><kwd>tumor thrombosis</kwd><kwd>perioperative period</kwd><kwd>complications</kwd><kwd>hemostasis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каприн А.Д., Старинский В.В., Шахзадова А.О. Состояние онкологической помощи населению России в 2023 году. Москва: МНИОИ им. П.А. 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