<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">inovmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Инновационная медицина Кубани</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Innovative Medicine of Kuban</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9897</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">inovmed-1502</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Систематический литературный обзор о применении искусственного интеллекта в медицинской визуализации при диагностике онкологической патологии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A Systematic Literature Review on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging in the Diagnosis of Oncologic Pathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4129-3930</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поморцев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pomortsev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поморцев Алексей Викторович, д. м. н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой лучевой диагностики № 1</p><p>350063, Краснодар, ул. Митрофана Седина, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Pomortsev, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Radiology Department No. 1</p><p>4 Mitrofana Sedina St., Krasnodar, 350063</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pomor-av@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2957-9100</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дьяченко</surname><given-names>Ю. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyachenko</surname><given-names>J. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дьяченко Юлия Юрьевна, к. м. н., доцент кафедры лучевой диагностики № 1 ФПК и ППС</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Julia Yu. Dyachenko, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Radiology Department No. 1, Faculty of Postgraduate Education and Professional Development</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9576-6724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матосян</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matosyan</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Матосян Мариам Альбертовна, ассистент кафедры лучевой диагностики № 1</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariam A. Matosyan, Assistant Professor, Radiology Department No. 1</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9684-4025</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арутюнян</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Arutyunyan</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Арутюнян Екатерина Алексеевна, старший лаборант кафедры лучевой диагностики № 1</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Arutyunyan, Senior Laboratory Assistant, Radiology Department No. 1</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5678-2804</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хагурова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khagurova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хагурова Любовь Аслановна, лаборант кафедры лучевой диагностики № 1</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov A. Khagurova, Laboratory Assistant, Radiology Department No. 1</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6400-5106</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новикова Анастасия Сергеевна, лаборант кафедры лучевой диагностики № 1</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia S. Novikova, Laboratory Assistant, Radiology Department No. 1</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6288-7469</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>В. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>V. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никитина Вероника Романовна, студентка 5-го курса педиатрического факультета</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veronika R. Nikitina, 5th-year Student, Faculty of Pediatrics</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1508-203X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Катрич</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Katrich</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Катрич Алексей Николаевич, д. м.н.,заведующий отделением ультразвуковой диагностики; доцент кафедры хирургии № 1; доцент кафедры хирургии № 1</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey N. Katrich, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Ultrasound Diagnostics Department; Associate Professor, Department of Surgery № 1</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8195-5930</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Астафьева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Astafieva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Астафьева Ольга Викторовна, д.м.н., доцент, профессор кафедры лучевой диагностики № 1</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Astafieva, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Radiation Diagnostics No. 1</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РФ; ГБУЗ «НИИ – ККБ № 1 им. проф. С.В. Очаповского» Минздрава Краснодарского края</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Medical University; Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1-1</issue><issue-title>Приложение</issue-title><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Поморцев А.В., Дьяченко Ю.Ю., Матосян М.А., Арутюнян Е.А., Хагурова Л.А., Новикова А.С., Никитина В.Р., Катрич А.Н., Астафьева О.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Поморцев А.В., Дьяченко Ю.Ю., Матосян М.А., Арутюнян Е.А., Хагурова Л.А., Новикова А.С., Никитина В.Р., Катрич А.Н., Астафьева О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pomortsev A.V., Dyachenko J.Y., Matosyan M.A., Arutyunyan E.A., Khagurova L.A., Novikova A.S., Nikitina V.R., Katrich A.N., Astafieva O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.innovmedkub.ru/jour/article/view/1502">https://www.innovmedkub.ru/jour/article/view/1502</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальными проблемами в современной онкологической практике являются своевременное выявление злокачественных новообразований, грамотная маршрутизация пациентов и определение верной тактики лечения. В ходе проведения анализа зарубежной и отечественной литературы были получены следующие статические данные: в 2022 г. по всему миру было зарегистрировано 20 млн случаев рака и 9,7 млн случаев смерти от онкологических заболеваний, в России под наблюдением онкологов находятся свыше 4,4 млн пациентов, а за последние годы отмечается тенденция к росту доли больных, находящихся на учёте более 5 лет на 10,5%. Современным решением по повышению качества диагностики различных новообразований может стать применение искусственного интеллекта при использовании методов медицинской визуализации. Основными трудностями при разработке и последующим обучении нейросетевых моделей является процесс сбора массивной и разнообразной визуальной базы данных (серий КТ-изображений, МР-изображений или ультразвуковых снимков). Проведение графического выделения анатомических ориентиров с целью обучения нейросети «распознаванию» структур человеческого организма является крайне трудоёмким и обязательным этапом при создании систем искусственного интеллекта. В данном обзоре были проанализированы современные исследования отечественных и зарубежных учёных о внедрении и применении искусственного интеллекта в медицинской визуализации с целью диагностики злокачественных новообразований. Исследования отбирались по следующим критериям включения: временной интервал публикаций с 2020 по 2025 г., полнотекстовые литературные обзоры, систематические обзоры, метаанализы, оригинальные статьи, рандомизированые контролируемые исследования, опубликованные в рецензируемых научных журналах. Авторы исключили дубликаты публикаций, тезисы, а также работы, не имеющие полного текста или не соответствующие критериям включения. В результате были использованы 36 источников литературы. В ходе проведения обзора зарубежной и отечественной литературы было выявлено, что применение систем с функцией искусственного интеллекта в лучевой диагностике злокачественных новообразований имеет потенциал для использования в рутинной практике для совершенствования качества дифференциальной диагностики доброкачественных и злокачественных новообразований. Среди преимуществ необходимо отметить автоматизацию и стандартизацию в процессе контроля качества полученных рентгенологических и ультразвуковых изображений согласно заложенным анатомическим плоскостям сканирования, а также проведение биометрических измерений, поиск патогномоничного признака.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Timely detection of malignant neoplasms, competent patient referral, and determination of an optimal treatment strategy remain among the most relevant issues of modern oncology. An analysis of international and domestic literature yielded the following statistics: in 2022, approximately 20 million new cancer cases and 9.7 million cancer-related deaths were recorded worldwide. In Russia, over 4.4 million patients are currently being oncological follow-up, with recent years showing a 10.5% increase in the proportion of patients observed for more than five years. A promising approach to improving the quality of tumor diagnostics is the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging. One of the principal challenges in the development and training of neural network models is the acquisition of large and diverse imaging datasets, including CT series, MRI scans, and ultrasound images. The manual annotation of anatomical landmarks required to train neural networks for accurate recognition of human anatomical structures is an extremely labor-intensive but essential step in the creation of AI systems. This review analyzed recent studies by domestic and international researchers on the implementation and application of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging for the diagnosis of malignant neoplasms. Studies were selected based on the following inclusion criteria: publications from 2020 to 2025, full-text literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, original articles, and randomized controlled trials published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. Duplicates, conference abstracts, and studies lacking full text or not meeting the inclusion criteria were excluded. A total of 36 sources were included in the analysis. The review of both international and domestic literature demonstrated that AI-based systems in radiologic diagnostics of malignant neoplasms have significant potential for routine clinical use, particularly in enhancing the quality of differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lesions. Key advantages include the automation and standardization of quality control for radiographic and ultrasound images according to predefined anatomical scanning planes, as well as the ability to perform biometric measurements and detect pathognomonic features.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>онкологическая патология</kwd><kwd>медицинская визуализация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artifical intelligence</kwd><kwd>oncological pathology</kwd><kwd>medical visualization</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ганичев П. А., Тихомирова А. А., Дохов М.А. (2022). Перспективы использования искусственного интеллекта в радиологии. Краткий обзор // Визуализация в медицине, vol. 4, no. 4, 2022, pp. 7–14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ганичев П. А., Тихомирова А. А., Дохов М.А. (2022). Перспективы использования искусственного интеллекта в радиологии. Краткий обзор // Визуализация в медицине, vol. 4, no. 4, 2022, pp. 7–14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mello-Thoms, C., &amp; Mello, C. A. B. (2023). Clinical applications of artificial intelligence in radiology. The British journal of radiology, 96(1150), 20221031. https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20221031</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mello-Thoms, C., &amp; Mello, C. A. B. (2023). Clinical applications of artificial intelligence in radiology. The British journal of radiology, 96(1150), 20221031. https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20221031</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Литвин А.А., Буркин Д.А., Кропинов А.А., and Парамзин Ф.Н. “Радиомика и анализ текстур цифровых изображений в онкологии (обзор)” Современные технологии в медицине, vol. 13, no. 2, 2021, pp. 97–106.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Литвин А.А., Буркин Д.А., Кропинов А.А., and Парамзин Ф.Н. “Радиомика и анализ текстур цифровых изображений в онкологии (обзор)” Современные технологии в медицине, vol. 13, no. 2, 2021, pp. 97–106.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Балтер Р.Б., Бикеев Ю.В., Бокерия Е.Л., Дьяченко Ю.Ю., Метелкин П.В., Пекарева Е.О., Передвигина А.В., Поморцев А.В., Пугачева Т.А. Искусственный интеллект в ультразвуковой диагностике. Версия 1.0 : учебное пособие. – М.: МЕДпресс-информ, 2025. – 147 с. – ISBN 978-5-907849-05-1. https://doi.org/10.24421/MP.2024.71.75.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Балтер Р.Б., Бикеев Ю.В., Бокерия Е.Л., Дьяченко Ю.Ю., Метелкин П.В., Пекарева Е.О., Передвигина А.В., Поморцев А.В., Пугачева Т.А. Искусственный интеллект в ультразвуковой диагностике. Версия 1.0 : учебное пособие. – М.: МЕДпресс-информ, 2025. – 147 с. – ISBN 978-5-907849-05-1. https://doi.org/10.24421/MP.2024.71.75.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Поморцев А. В., Редько А. Н., Барсукова Е. А., Матосян М. А., Дьяченко Ю. Ю., Дьяченко Р. А., Белоглядова И. А., Янаева М. В., Бабаян В. Т. Применение искусственного интеллекта в ультразвуковой диагностике пороков ЦНС плода в сроках гестации с 19 по 22 неделю беременности // Инновационная медицина Кубани. 2024. № 2. С. 42–47. https://doi.org/10.35401/2541-9897-2024-9-2-42-47</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Поморцев А. В., Редько А. Н., Барсукова Е. А., Матосян М. А., Дьяченко Ю. Ю., Дьяченко Р. А., Белоглядова И. А., Янаева М. В., Бабаян В. Т. Применение искусственного интеллекта в ультразвуковой диагностике пороков ЦНС плода в сроках гестации с 19 по 22 неделю беременности // Инновационная медицина Кубани. 2024. № 2. С. 42–47. https://doi.org/10.35401/2541-9897-2024-9-2-42-47</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Поморцев А. В., Карахалис М. Н., Матулевич С. А., Дащян Г. А., Халафян А. А., Сенча А. Н. Пороки развития сердца плода: факторы риска и возможности ультразвукового метода при первом скрининге // Инновационная медицина Кубани. 2023. № 4. С. 51–59. https://doi.org/10.35401/2541-9897-2023-8-4-51-59 Shen, Y. T., Chen, L., Yue, W. W., &amp; Xu, H. X. (2021). Artificial intelligence in ultrasound. European journal of radiology, 139, 109717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109717</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Поморцев А. В., Карахалис М. Н., Матулевич С. А., Дащян Г. А., Халафян А. А., Сенча А. Н. Пороки развития сердца плода: факторы риска и возможности ультразвукового метода при первом скрининге // Инновационная медицина Кубани. 2023. № 4. С. 51–59. https://doi.org/10.35401/2541-9897-2023-8-4-51-59 Shen, Y. T., Chen, L., Yue, W. W., &amp; Xu, H. X. (2021). Artificial intelligence in ultrasound. European journal of radiology, 139, 109717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109717</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Komatsu, M., Teraya, N., Natsume, T., Harada, N., Takeda, K., &amp; Hamamoto, R. (2025). Clinical Application of Artificial Intelligence in Ultrasound Imaging for Oncology. JMA journal, 8(1), 18–25. https://doi.org/10.31662/jmaj.2024-0203</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Komatsu, M., Teraya, N., Natsume, T., Harada, N., Takeda, K., &amp; Hamamoto, R. (2025). Clinical Application of Artificial Intelligence in Ultrasound Imaging for Oncology. JMA journal, 8(1), 18–25. https://doi.org/10.31662/jmaj.2024-0203</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moro, F., Ciancia, M., Zace, D., Vagni, M., Tran, H. E., Giudice, M. T., Zoccoli, S. G., Mascilini, F., Ciccarone, F., Boldrini, L., D’Antonio, F., Scambia, G., &amp; Testa, A. C. (2024). Role of artificial intelligence applied to ultrasound in gynecology oncology: A systematic review. International journal of cancer, 155(10), 1832–1845. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.35092</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moro, F., Ciancia, M., Zace, D., Vagni, M., Tran, H. E., Giudice, M. T., Zoccoli, S. G., Mascilini, F., Ciccarone, F., Boldrini, L., D’Antonio, F., Scambia, G., &amp; Testa, A. C. (2024). Role of artificial intelligence applied to ultrasound in gynecology oncology: A systematic review. International journal of cancer, 155(10), 1832–1845. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.35092</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Teuwen, J., Gouw, Z. A. R., &amp; Sonke, J. J. (2022). Artificial Intelligence for Image Registration in Radiation Oncology. Seminars in radiation oncology, 32(4), 330–342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semradonc.2022.06.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Teuwen, J., Gouw, Z. A. R., &amp; Sonke, J. J. (2022). Artificial Intelligence for Image Registration in Radiation Oncology. Seminars in radiation oncology, 32(4), 330–342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semradonc.2022.06.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thwaites, D., Moses, D., Haworth, A., Barton, M., &amp; Holloway, L. (2021). Artificial intelligence in medical imaging and radiation oncology: Opportunities and challenges. Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology, 65(5), 481–485. https://doi.org/10.1111/1754-9485.13275</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thwaites, D., Moses, D., Haworth, A., Barton, M., &amp; Holloway, L. (2021). Artificial intelligence in medical imaging and radiation oncology: Opportunities and challenges. Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology, 65(5), 481–485. https://doi.org/10.1111/1754-9485.13275</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parkinson, C., Matthams, C., Foley, K., &amp; Spezi, E. (2021). Artificial intelligence in radiation oncology: A review of its current status and potential application for the radiotherapy workforce. Radiography (London, England: 1995), 27 Suppl 1, S63–S68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2021.07.012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parkinson, C., Matthams, C., Foley, K., &amp; Spezi, E. (2021). Artificial intelligence in radiation oncology: A review of its current status and potential application for the radiotherapy workforce. Radiography (London, England: 1995), 27 Suppl 1, S63–S68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2021.07.012</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu, S., Ma, S. J., Farag, A., Huerta, T., Gamez, M. E., &amp; Blakaj, D. M. (2025). Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Big Data in Radiation Oncology. Hematology/oncology clinics of North America, 39(2), 453–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hoc.2024.12.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu, S., Ma, S. J., Farag, A., Huerta, T., Gamez, M. E., &amp; Blakaj, D. M. (2025). Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Big Data in Radiation Oncology. Hematology/oncology clinics of North America, 39(2), 453–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hoc.2024.12.002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moore, N. S., McWilliam, A., &amp; Aneja, S. (2023). Bladder Cancer Radiation Oncology of the Future: Prognostic Modelling, Radiomics, and Treatment Planning With Artificial Intelligence. Seminars in radiation oncology, 33(1), 70–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semradonc.2022.10.009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moore, N. S., McWilliam, A., &amp; Aneja, S. (2023). Bladder Cancer Radiation Oncology of the Future: Prognostic Modelling, Radiomics, and Treatment Planning With Artificial Intelligence. Seminars in radiation oncology, 33(1), 70–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semradonc.2022.10.009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kelly, B. S., Judge, C., Bollard, S. M., Clifford, S. M., Healy, G. M., Aziz, A., Mathur, P., Islam, S., Yeom, K. W., Lawlor, A., &amp; Killeen, R. P. (2022). Radiology artificial intelligence: a systematic review and evaluation of methods (RAISE). European radiology, 32(11), 7998–8007. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-022-08784-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kelly, B. S., Judge, C., Bollard, S. M., Clifford, S. M., Healy, G. M., Aziz, A., Mathur, P., Islam, S., Yeom, K. W., Lawlor, A., &amp; Killeen, R. P. (2022). Radiology artificial intelligence: a systematic review and evaluation of methods (RAISE). European radiology, 32(11), 7998–8007. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-022-08784-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Podină, N., Gheorghe, E. C., Constantin, A., Cazacu, I., Croitoru, V., Gheorghe, C., Balaban, D. V., Jinga, M., Țieranu,C. G., &amp; Săftoiu, A. (2025). Artificial Intelligence in Pancreatic Imaging: A Systematic Review. United European gastroenterology journal, 13(1), 55–77. https://doi.org/10.1002/ueg2.12723</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Podină, N., Gheorghe, E. C., Constantin, A., Cazacu, I., Croitoru, V., Gheorghe, C., Balaban, D. V., Jinga, M., Țieranu,C. G., &amp; Săftoiu, A. (2025). Artificial Intelligence in Pancreatic Imaging: A Systematic Review. United European gastroenterology journal, 13(1), 55–77. https://doi.org/10.1002/ueg2.12723</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abel, L., Wasserthal, J., Weikert, T., Sauter, A. W., Nesic, I., Obradovic, M., Yang, S., Manneck, S., Glessgen, C., Ospel, J. M., Stieltjes, B., Boll, D. T., &amp; Friebe, B. (2021). Automated Detection of Pancreatic Cystic Lesions on CT Using Deep Learning. Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 11(5), 901. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11050901</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abel, L., Wasserthal, J., Weikert, T., Sauter, A. W., Nesic, I., Obradovic, M., Yang, S., Manneck, S., Glessgen, C., Ospel, J. M., Stieltjes, B., Boll, D. T., &amp; Friebe, B. (2021). Automated Detection of Pancreatic Cystic Lesions on CT Using Deep Learning. Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 11(5), 901. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11050901</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aggarwal, R., Sounderajah, V., Martin, G., Ting, D. S. W., Karthikesalingam, A., King, D., Ashrafian, H., &amp; Darzi, A. (2021). Diagnostic accuracy of deep learning in medical imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis. NPJ digital medicine, 4(1), 65. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-021-00438-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aggarwal, R., Sounderajah, V., Martin, G., Ting, D. S. W., Karthikesalingam, A., King, D., Ashrafian, H., &amp; Darzi, A. (2021). Diagnostic accuracy of deep learning in medical imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis. NPJ digital medicine, 4(1), 65. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-021-00438-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bhinder, B., Gilvary, C., Madhukar, N. S., &amp; Elemento, O. (2021). Artificial Intelligence in Cancer Research and Precision Medicine. Cancer discovery, 11(4), 900–915. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-21-0090</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bhinder, B., Gilvary, C., Madhukar, N. S., &amp; Elemento, O. (2021). Artificial Intelligence in Cancer Research and Precision Medicine. Cancer discovery, 11(4), 900–915. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-21-0090</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jiang, Y., Liang, X., Wang, W., Chen, C., Yuan, Q., Zhang, X., Li, N., Chen, H., Yu, J., Xie, Y., Xu, Y., Zhou, Z., Li, G., &amp; Li, R. (2021). Noninvasive Prediction of Occult Peritoneal Metastasis in Gastric Cancer Using Deep Learning. JAMA network open, 4(1), e2032269. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.32269</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jiang, Y., Liang, X., Wang, W., Chen, C., Yuan, Q., Zhang, X., Li, N., Chen, H., Yu, J., Xie, Y., Xu, Y., Zhou, Z., Li, G., &amp; Li, R. (2021). Noninvasive Prediction of Occult Peritoneal Metastasis in Gastric Cancer Using Deep Learning. JAMA network open, 4(1), e2032269. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.32269</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chassagnon, G., De Margerie-Mellon, C., Vakalopoulou, M., Marini, R., Hoang-Thi, T. N., Revel, M. P., &amp; Soyer, P. (2023). Artificial intelligence in lung cancer: current applications and perspectives. Japanese journal of radiology, 41(3), 235–244. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11604-022-01359-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chassagnon, G., De Margerie-Mellon, C., Vakalopoulou, M., Marini, R., Hoang-Thi, T. N., Revel, M. P., &amp; Soyer, P. (2023). Artificial intelligence in lung cancer: current applications and perspectives. Japanese journal of radiology, 41(3), 235–244. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11604-022-01359-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lo Gullo, R., Marcus, E., Huayanay, J., Eskreis-Winkler, S., Thakur, S., Teuwen, J., &amp; Pinker, K. (2024). Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Breast MRI: Applications in Breast Cancer Primary Treatment Response Assessment and Prediction. Investigative radiology, 59(3), 230–242. https://doi.org/10.1097/RLI.0000000000001010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lo Gullo, R., Marcus, E., Huayanay, J., Eskreis-Winkler, S., Thakur, S., Teuwen, J., &amp; Pinker, K. (2024). Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Breast MRI: Applications in Breast Cancer Primary Treatment Response Assessment and Prediction. Investigative radiology, 59(3), 230–242. https://doi.org/10.1097/RLI.0000000000001010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu, J. Q., Ren, J. Y., Xu, X. L., Xiong, L. Y., Peng, Y. X., Pan, X. F., Dietrich, C. F., &amp; Cui, X. W. (2022). Ultrasoundbased artificial intelligence in gastroenterology and hepatology. World journal of gastroenterology, 28(38), 5530–5546. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v28.i38.5530</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu, J. Q., Ren, J. Y., Xu, X. L., Xiong, L. Y., Peng, Y. X., Pan, X. F., Dietrich, C. F., &amp; Cui, X. W. (2022). Ultrasoundbased artificial intelligence in gastroenterology and hepatology. World journal of gastroenterology, 28(38), 5530–5546. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v28.i38.5530</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Turkbey, B., &amp; Haider, M. A. (2022). Artificial Intelligence for Automated Cancer Detection on Prostate MRI: Opportunities and Ongoing Challenges, From the AJR Special Series on AI Applications. AJR. American journal of roentgenology, 219(2), 188– 194. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.21.26917</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Turkbey, B., &amp; Haider, M. A. (2022). Artificial Intelligence for Automated Cancer Detection on Prostate MRI: Opportunities and Ongoing Challenges, From the AJR Special Series on AI Applications. AJR. American journal of roentgenology, 219(2), 188– 194. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.21.26917</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim, Y. H., Kim, G. H., Kim, K. B., Lee, M. W., Lee, B. E., Baek, D. H., Kim, D. H., &amp; Park, J. C. (2020). Application of A Convolutional Neural Network in The Diagnosis of Gastric Mesenchymal Tumors on Endoscopic Ultrasonography Images. Journal of clinical medicine, 9(10), 3162. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9103162</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim, Y. H., Kim, G. H., Kim, K. B., Lee, M. W., Lee, B. E., Baek, D. H., Kim, D. H., &amp; Park, J. C. (2020). Application of A Convolutional Neural Network in The Diagnosis of Gastric Mesenchymal Tumors on Endoscopic Ultrasonography Images. Journal of clinical medicine, 9(10), 3162. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9103162</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salim, M., Liu, Y., Sorkhei, M., Ntoula, D., Foukakis, T., Fredriksson, I., Wang, Y., Eklund, M., Azizpour, H., Smith, K., &amp; Strand, F. (2024). AI-based selection of individuals for supplemental MRI in population-based breast cancer screening: the randomized ScreenTrustMRI trial. Nature medicine, 30(9), 2623–2630. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03093-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salim, M., Liu, Y., Sorkhei, M., Ntoula, D., Foukakis, T., Fredriksson, I., Wang, Y., Eklund, M., Azizpour, H., Smith, K., &amp; Strand, F. (2024). AI-based selection of individuals for supplemental MRI in population-based breast cancer screening: the randomized ScreenTrustMRI trial. Nature medicine, 30(9), 2623–2630. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03093-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu, C. J., Zhang, L., Sun, Y., Geng, L., Wang, R., Shi, K. M., &amp; Wan, J. X. (2023). Application of CT and MRI images based on an artificial intelligence algorithm for predicting lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients: a meta-analysis. BMC cancer, 23(1), 1134. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-11638-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu, C. J., Zhang, L., Sun, Y., Geng, L., Wang, R., Shi, K. M., &amp; Wan, J. X. (2023). Application of CT and MRI images based on an artificial intelligence algorithm for predicting lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients: a meta-analysis. BMC cancer, 23(1), 1134. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-11638-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang, Y. J., Wang, P., Yan, Z., Zhou, Q., Gunturkun, F., Li, P., Hu, Y., Wu, W. E., Zhao, K., Zhang, M., Lv, H., Fu, L., Jin, J., Du, Q., Wang, H., Chen, K., Qu, L., Lin, K., Iv, M., Wang, H., … Gong, J. (2024). Advancing presurgical non-invasive molecular subgroup prediction in medulloblastoma using artificial intelligence and MRI signatures. Cancer cell, 42(7), 1239–1257.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccell.2024.06.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang, Y. J., Wang, P., Yan, Z., Zhou, Q., Gunturkun, F., Li, P., Hu, Y., Wu, W. E., Zhao, K., Zhang, M., Lv, H., Fu, L., Jin, J., Du, Q., Wang, H., Chen, K., Qu, L., Lin, K., Iv, M., Wang, H., … Gong, J. (2024). Advancing presurgical non-invasive molecular subgroup prediction in medulloblastoma using artificial intelligence and MRI signatures. Cancer cell, 42(7), 1239–1257.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccell.2024.06.002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ranjbarzadeh, R., Caputo, A., Tirkolaee, E. B., Jafarzadeh Ghoushchi, S., &amp; Bendechache, M. (2023). Brain tumor segmentation of MRI images: A comprehensive review on the application of artificial intelligence tools. Computers in biology and medicine, 152, 106405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106405</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ranjbarzadeh, R., Caputo, A., Tirkolaee, E. B., Jafarzadeh Ghoushchi, S., &amp; Bendechache, M. (2023). Brain tumor segmentation of MRI images: A comprehensive review on the application of artificial intelligence tools. Computers in biology and medicine, 152, 106405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106405</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deng, F., Xiao, G., Tanzhu, G., Chu, X., Ning, J., Lu, R., Chen, L., Zhang, Z., &amp; Zhou, R. (2025). Predicting Survival Rates in Brain Metastases Patients from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Using Radiomic Signatures Associated with Tumor Immune Heterogeneity. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 12(10), e2412590. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202412590</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deng, F., Xiao, G., Tanzhu, G., Chu, X., Ning, J., Lu, R., Chen, L., Zhang, Z., &amp; Zhou, R. (2025). Predicting Survival Rates in Brain Metastases Patients from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Using Radiomic Signatures Associated with Tumor Immune Heterogeneity. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 12(10), e2412590. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202412590</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim, H. Y., Cho, S. J., Sunwoo, L., Baik, S. H., Bae, Y. J., Choi, B. S., Jung, C., &amp; Kim, J. H. (2021). Classification of true progression after radiotherapy of brain metastasis on MRI using artificial intelligence: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Neuro-oncology advances, 3(1), vdab080. https://doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab080</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim, H. Y., Cho, S. J., Sunwoo, L., Baik, S. H., Bae, Y. J., Choi, B. S., Jung, C., &amp; Kim, J. H. (2021). Classification of true progression after radiotherapy of brain metastasis on MRI using artificial intelligence: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Neuro-oncology advances, 3(1), vdab080. https://doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab080</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tiyarattanachai, T., Apiparakoon, T., Marukatat, S., Sukcharoen, S., Geratikornsupuk, N., Anukulkarnkusol, N., Mekaroonkamol, P., Tanpowpong, N., Sarakul, P., Rerknimitr, R., &amp; Chaiteerakij, R. (2021). Development and validation of artificial intelligence to detect and diagnose liver lesions from ultrasound images. PloS one, 16(6), e0252882. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252882</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tiyarattanachai, T., Apiparakoon, T., Marukatat, S., Sukcharoen, S., Geratikornsupuk, N., Anukulkarnkusol, N., Mekaroonkamol, P., Tanpowpong, N., Sarakul, P., Rerknimitr, R., &amp; Chaiteerakij, R. (2021). Development and validation of artificial intelligence to detect and diagnose liver lesions from ultrasound images. PloS one, 16(6), e0252882. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252882</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu, J. Q., Ren, J. Y., Xu, X. L., Xiong, L. Y., Peng, Y. X., Pan, X. F., Dietrich, C. F., &amp; Cui, X. W. (2022). Ultrasound-based artificial intelligence in gastroenterology and hepatology. World journal of gastroenterology, 28(38), 5530–5546. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v28.i38.5530</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu, J. Q., Ren, J. Y., Xu, X. L., Xiong, L. Y., Peng, Y. X., Pan, X. F., Dietrich, C. F., &amp; Cui, X. W. (2022). Ultrasound-based artificial intelligence in gastroenterology and hepatology. World journal of gastroenterology, 28(38), 5530–5546. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v28.i38.5530</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim, Y. H., Kim, G. H., Kim, K. B., Lee, M. W., Lee, B. E., Baek, D. H., Kim, D. H., &amp; Park, J. C. (2020). Application of A Convolutional Neural Network in The Diagnosis of Gastric Mesenchymal Tumors on Endoscopic Ultrasonography Images. Journal of clinical medicine, 9(10), 3162. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9103162</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim, Y. H., Kim, G. H., Kim, K. B., Lee, M. W., Lee, B. E., Baek, D. H., Kim, D. H., &amp; Park, J. C. (2020). Application of A Convolutional Neural Network in The Diagnosis of Gastric Mesenchymal Tumors on Endoscopic Ultrasonography Images. Journal of clinical medicine, 9(10), 3162. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9103162</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shimizu, H., &amp; Nakayama, K. I. (2020). Artificial intelligence in oncology. Cancer science, 111(5), 1452–1460. https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.14377</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shimizu, H., &amp; Nakayama, K. I. (2020). Artificial intelligence in oncology. Cancer science, 111(5), 1452–1460. https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.14377</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jiang, Y., Zhang, Z., Yuan, Q., Wang, W., Wang, H., Li, T., Huang, W., Xie, J., Chen, C., Sun, Z., Yu, J., Xu, Y., Poultsides, G. A., Xing, L., Zhou, Z., Li, G., &amp; Li, R. (2022). Predicting peritoneal recurrence and disease-free survival from CT images in gastric cancer with multitask deep learning: a retrospective study. The Lancet. Digital health, 4(5), e340–e350. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(22)00040-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jiang, Y., Zhang, Z., Yuan, Q., Wang, W., Wang, H., Li, T., Huang, W., Xie, J., Chen, C., Sun, Z., Yu, J., Xu, Y., Poultsides, G. A., Xing, L., Zhou, Z., Li, G., &amp; Li, R. (2022). Predicting peritoneal recurrence and disease-free survival from CT images in gastric cancer with multitask deep learning: a retrospective study. The Lancet. Digital health, 4(5), e340–e350. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(22)00040-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cao, L. L., Peng, M., Xie, X., Chen, G. Q., Huang, S. Y., Wang, J. Y., Jiang, F., Cui, X. W., &amp; Dietrich, C. F. (2022). Artificial intelligence in liver ultrasound. World journal of gastroenterology, 28(27), 3398–3409. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v28.i27.3398</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cao, L. L., Peng, M., Xie, X., Chen, G. Q., Huang, S. Y., Wang, J. Y., Jiang, F., Cui, X. W., &amp; Dietrich, C. F. (2022). Artificial intelligence in liver ultrasound. World journal of gastroenterology, 28(27), 3398–3409. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v28.i27.3398</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
