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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">inovmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Инновационная медицина Кубани</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Innovative Medicine of Kuban</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9897</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35401/2541-9897-2026-11-2-109-116</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">inovmed-1537</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современное состояние проблемы хирургического лечения высокодифференцированного рака щитовидной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current Status of Surgical Treatment of Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8731-3218</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Забунян</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zabunian</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Забунян Грант Андроникович - врач-онколог, заведующий отделением «Опухолей головы и шеи», НИИ – ККБ № 1 им. проф. С.В. Очаповского.</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grant A. Zabunian - Oncologist, Head of the Head and Neck Tumors Department.</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7958-8066</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартиросян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martirosian</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мартиросян Александр Арманович - клинический ординатор, Центральный НИИ стоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии.</p><p>119921, Москва, ул. Тимура Фрунзе, 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Martirosian - Clinical Resident.</p><p>8 Timura Frunze St., Moscow, 119921</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexandermartirosyandoc@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6735-3877</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барышев</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baryshev</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Барышев Александр Геннадьевич - д. м. н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой хирургии № 1 ФПК и ППС, заместитель главного врача по хирургической помощи, НИИ – ККБ №1 им. проф. С.В. Очаповского.</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander G. Baryshev, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Deputy Chief Physician for Surgical Care, Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1; Head of the Department of Surgery No. 1, Postgraduate Education and Professional Retraining Faculty, Kuban SMU.</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0572-1395</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Порханов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Porhanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Порханов Владимир Алексеевич - д. м. н., профессор, академик РАН, главный врач, НИИ – ККБ №1 им. проф. С.В. Очаповского; заведующий кафедрой онкологии с курсом торакальной хирургии, Кубанский ГМУ.</p><p>Краснодар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Porhanov - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chief Physician, Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1; Head of the Oncology Department with the Thoracic Surgery Course, Kuban SMU.</p><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7634-9165</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исхакова</surname><given-names>З. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iskhakova</surname><given-names>Z. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исхакова Зухро Шарифкуловна - PhD, ассистент кафедры хирургии полости рта и дентальной имплантологии.</p><p>Самарканд</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zukhro Sh. Iskhakova - PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Surgery and Dental Implantology.</p><p>Samarkand</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт – Краевая клиническая больница № 1 им. проф. С.В. Очаповского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральный научно-исследовательский институт стоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт – Краевая клиническая больница № 1 им. проф. С.В. Очаповского; Кубанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1; Kuban State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самаркандский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samarkand State Medical University</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>109</fpage><lpage>116</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Забунян Г.А., Мартиросян А.А., Барышев А.Г., Порханов В.А., Исхакова З.Ш., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Забунян Г.А., Мартиросян А.А., Барышев А.Г., Порханов В.А., Исхакова З.Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zabunian G.A., Martirosian A.A., Baryshev A.G., Porhanov V.A., Iskhakova Z.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.innovmedkub.ru/jour/article/view/1537">https://www.innovmedkub.ru/jour/article/view/1537</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность: Рак щитовидной железы остаётся одной из ключевых проблем современной эндокринной хирургии в связи с ростом выявляемости, высокой распространённостью высокодифференцированных форм и сохраняющимися разногласиями в выборе оптимальной лечебной тактики. Основную долю наблюдений составляют папиллярный и фолликулярный рак, отличающиеся в целом благоприятным прогнозом, однако способные к регионарному метастазированию и рецидивированию, что придаёт особую значимость вопросам объёма операции и необходимости лимфодиссекции.</p><p>Диагностика высокодифференцированного рака щитовидной железы основана на сочетании клинического обследования, ультразвукового исследования и тонкоигольной аспирационной биопсии. Ультразвуковое исследование – ведущий метод первичной визуализации и стратификации риска, а тонкоигольная аспирационная биопсия – основной способ дооперационной морфологической оценки узловых образований. Вместе с тем даже при использовании современных диагностических алгоритмов сохраняются трудности интерпретации цитологических заключений, особенно при фолликулярных неоплазиях. Хирургическое лечение остаётся основным методом радикального лечения при раке щитовидной железы. Выбор между гемитиреоидэктомией и тиреоидэктомией должен быть индивидуализирован с учётом морфологической формы опухоли, её размеров и локализации, наличия мультифокального роста, экстратиреоидного распространения, регионарных метастазов, а также возраста пациента и факторов риска рецидива.</p><p>Малоинвазивные, видеоассистированные и эндоскопические технологии вызывают практический интерес, поскольку позволяют снизить операционную травму и улучшить косметический результат. Однако их применение при злокачественных новообразованиях требует строгого отбора пациентов, чтобы технические преимущества не шли в ущерб онкологической радикальности. Наиболее оправданными считаются шейные мини-доступы и видеоассистированные операции, в то время как удалённые доступы технически сложнее и обладают ограниченной онкологической универсальностью.</p><p>Таким образом, развитие хирургии рака щитовидной железы должно быть направлено на совершенствование методов, но выбор объёма операции и доступа всегда определяется онкологической целесообразностью и безопасностью пациента. Перспективы лечения связаны с более точной стратификацией риска, стандартизацией диагностики и анализом долгосрочной эффективности малоинвазивных технологий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Thyroid cancer remains one of the most relevant challenges in contemporary endocrine surgery due to its increasing incidence, the high prevalence of well-differentiated forms, and persistent controversies regarding the optimal treatment strategies. The majority of cases consist of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas, which are generally associated with a favorable prognosis; however, they retain the capacity for regional metastasis and recurrence, underscoring the importance of determining the appropriate extent of surgery and the need for lymphadenectomy. Modern diagnostics for well-differentiated thyroid cancer are based on a combination of clinical examination, ultrasound imaging, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Ultrasound imaging is the primary modality for initial visualization and risk stratification, while FNAB remains the principal method for preoperative morphological assessment of thyroid nodules. However, even with the use of contemporary diagnostic algorithms, challenges in the interpretation of cytological findings persist, particularly in cases of follicular neoplasms, which often necessitate surgical verification. Surgical treatment remains the principal method for radical intervention in thyroid cancer. The choice between hemithyroidectomy and total thyroidectomy remains controversial and should be individualized, considering the morphological subtype of the tumor, its size, localization, presence of multifocal growth, extrathyroidal extension, regional metastases, patient age, and risk factors for recurrence.</p><p>Minimally invasive, video-assisted, and endoscopic techniques are of considerable clinical interest due to reduced surgical trauma and improved cosmetic outcomes. However, their application in malignant tumors requires strict patient selection and careful evaluation, as technical advantages must not compromise the oncological radicality of the procedure. Among minimally invasive approaches, cervical mini-incision techniques and video-assisted procedures appear to be the most justified, while remote accesses techniques are associated with greater technical complexity, a larger dissection area, and limited oncological versality. Thus, thyroid cancer surgery continues to evolve actively; however, the choice of surgical extent and specific approach should be determined primarily by oncological appropriateness and safety considerations. Prospects for further advancements in treatment are linked to more precise risk stratification, standardization of diagnostic approaches, and accumulation of data on the long-term effectiveness of modern minimally invasive technologies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>тиреоидэктомия</kwd><kwd>шейная лимфодиссекция</kwd><kwd>миниинвазивные технологии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thyroid cancer</kwd><kwd>thyroidectomy</kwd><kwd>cervical lymphadenectomy</kwd><kwd>minimally invasive technologies</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бельцевич Д.Г., Ванушко В.Э. Современные аспекты диагностики узлового зоба. Эндокринная хирургия. 2014;8(3):513. https://doi.org/10.14341/serg201435-13</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beltsevich D.G., Vanushko V.E. 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