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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">inovmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Инновационная медицина Кубани</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Innovative Medicine of Kuban</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9897</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35401/2500-0268-2019-14-2-58-66</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">inovmed-197</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Замещение костно-хрящевых дефектов крупных суставов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Replacement of the large joints osteochondral defects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7507-7772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айрапетов</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Airapetov</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Айрапетов Георгий Александрович – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры травматологии и ортопедии</p><p>355017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, 310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Airapetov Georgy A. – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), assistant professor of the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedic, Stavropol State Medical University</p><p>310 Mira str., Stavropol, 355017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">AirapetovGA@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2453-3675</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воротников</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorotnikov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воротников Александр Анатольевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой травматологии и ортопедии</p><p>355017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, 310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vorotnikov  Alexander A. – Dr. of Sci. (Med.), professor, head of the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Stavropol State Medical University</p><p>310 Mira str., Stavropol, 355017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Vorotnikovaa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Айрапетов Г.А., Воротников А.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Айрапетов Г.А., Воротников А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Airapetov G.A., Vorotnikov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.innovmedkub.ru/jour/article/view/197">https://www.innovmedkub.ru/jour/article/view/197</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Травмы и заболевания крупных суставов занимают лидирующее место в списке актуальных проблем ортопедии. В медицинской литературе предлагаются различные методы лечения такой патологии, однако большинство из них не позволяет восстановить полноценный гиалиновый хрящ.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Улучшить результаты органосохранного лечения пациентов с костно-хрящевыми дефектами крупных суставов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проспективное исследование проведено на 30 крупных животных (60 коленных суставов) в возрасте от 1,5 до 3 лет. Животные разделены на 3 группы по 10 особей (20 суставов) в каждой, исходя из способа замещения остеохондрального дефекта. Во всех наблюдениях формировали полнослойный дефект со стороны гиалинового хряща фрезой диаметром 4,5 мм, глубиной 7 мм с захватом субхондральной кости в области медиального мыщелка правого бедра. Восстанавливали искусственные дефекты по одному из указанных ниже методов. Левый сустав считали контрольным, сформированный по такой же методике дефект не восполняли. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Результат оценивали через 1, 3 и 6 месяцев, изучая характер, степень и качество заполнения дефекта. Удельные объемы хондроцитов, хрящевого матрикса, соединительной ткани, как и количественное восстановление дефекта по сравнению с нативным хрящом в группе 3, оказались максимально приближенными к нормальным показателям.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В контрольной группе без замещения дефекта полученные данные сопоставимы с исследованиями других авторов, согласно которым костно-хрящевые дефекты практически не регенерируют самостоятельно. Предложенная нами методика с применением внеклеточного коллагенового матрикса, аутохряща и плазмы, обогащенной тромбоцитами, является менее агрессивной в сравнении с аутохондропластикой, а полученный регенерат более стабилен по сравнению с микрофрактурированием или туннелизацией.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Rationale</title><p>Rationale. Injuries and diseases of large joints occupy a leading place in the list of urgent problems in orthopedics. Various methods of treatment for this pathology are regularly offered in the literature, but most of them do not allow restoring a full-fledged hyaline cartilage.</p></sec><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. To improve the results of organ-preserving treatment in patients with osteo-chondral defects of large joints.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. А prospective study was conducted on 30 large animals (60 knee joints) aged 1.5 to 3 years. We divided the animals into 3 groups of 10 individuals (20 joints) in each, based on the method of replacement of the osteo-chondral defect. In all cases, a full-layer defect formed from the hyaline cartilage by a mill with a diameter of 4.5 mm, depth of 7 mm with the capture of the subchondral bone in the medial condyle of the right thigh. Artificial defects were restored by one of the following methods. The left joint was considered a control joint and the defect formed by the same technique was not filled.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The result was evaluated in 1 month, 3 months and 6 months viewing the nature and degree of defect filling. Specific volumes of such tissues as chondrocytes, cartilage matrix and the average depth of the defect from the thickness of the native cartilage were better in group 3, and connective tissue was less in group 3.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In the group without defect replacement, the  obtained data are comparable with the studies of other authors, according to which bone and cartilaginous defects practically do not regenerate on their own. Our proposed method with the use of extracellular collagen matrix, autocartilage and plate rich plasma is less aggressive in comparison with autochondroplasty and the result can be more stable compared to microfracturing or tunnelization.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>костно-хрящевой дефект</kwd><kwd>гиалиновый хрящ</kwd><kwd>регенерация</kwd><kwd>внеклеточный коллагеновый матрикс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>оsteochondral defect</kwd><kwd>hyaline cartilage</kwd><kwd>regeneration</kwd><kwd>extracellular collagen matrix</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Божокин М.С., Божкова С.А., Нетылько Г.И. 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