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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">inovmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Инновационная медицина Кубани</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Innovative Medicine of Kuban</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9897</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35401/2500-0268-2019-16-4-72-78</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">inovmed-231</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение нейроаксиальных блокад в акушерской практике при тромбоцитопениях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The use of neuroaxial blockades in obstetric practice for thrombocytopenia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6793-2318</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плахотина</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plakhotina</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Плахотина Елена Николаевна – д. м. н., заведующая отделением анестезиологии и реанимации</p><p>142700, Московская область, Видное, ул. Заводская, 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Plakhotina Elena N. – Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Head of Anaesthesiology and Resuscitation</p><p>142700, Moscow Region, Vidnoe, 17, Zavodskaya str.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">enp2004@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3804-7691</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоусова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belousova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белоусова Тамара Николаевна – к. м. н., главный врач</p><p>142700, Московская область, Видное, ул. Заводская, 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belousova Tamara N. – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Сhief doctor</p><p>142700, Moscow Region, Vidnoe, 17, Zavodskaya str.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1223-8740</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузина</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzina</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузина Наталия Борисовна – врач – анестезиолог-реаниматолог отделения анестезиологии и реанимации</p><p>142700, Московская область, Видное, ул. Заводская, 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kuzina Natalia B. – Anaesthesiologist-Resuscitator of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation</p><p>142700, Moscow Region, Vidnoe, 17, Zavodskaya str.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Московской области «Видновский перинатальный центр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vidnovsky Perinatal Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>78</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Плахотина Е.Н., Белоусова Т.Н., Кузина Н.Б., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Плахотина Е.Н., Белоусова Т.Н., Кузина Н.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Plakhotina E.N., Belousova T.N., Kuzina N.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.innovmedkub.ru/jour/article/view/231">https://www.innovmedkub.ru/jour/article/view/231</self-uri><abstract><p>Тромбоцитопения является вторым по частоте гематологическим осложнением беременности после анемии. Среди всех тромбоцитопений во время беременности наиболее распространенной является гестационная. Это патологическое состояние не сопровождается нарушениями коагуляции, имеет минимальный риск развития кровотечения как для матери, так и для плода. Тем не менее по современным представлениям тромбоцитопения является противопоказанием для выполнения акушерских нейроаксиальных блокад только на основании количественного подсчета тромбоцитов без учета коагуляционного статуса. Эти противопоказания заимствованы из практики общей хирургии и травматологии в связи с высоким риском развития эпидуральной гематомы. При этом не учитываются особенности гемостаза беременных с характерной для них физиологической гиперкоагуляцией. Отказ пациентке в проведении нейроаксиальной блокады при родоразрешении на основании только подсчета количества тромбоцитов часто приводит к необоснованному увеличению соотношения риск/польза как для матери, так и для плода. Анализ результатов исследований свидетельствует об изменении отношения к данной проблеме в сторону более лояльного подхода с учетом оценки коагуляционного статуса конкретной пациентки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Thrombocytopenia is the second most frequent hematological complication of pregnancy after anemia. Among all thrombocytopenia during pregnancy, the most common is gestational thrombocytopenia. Gestational thrombocytopenia is not accompanied by coagulation disorders, has a minimal risk of bleeding, for both a mother and her fetus. Nevertheless, according to modern concepts, thrombocytopenia is a contraindication for performing obstetric neuroaxial blockades only on the basis of quantitative count of platelets, without taking into account coagulation status. These contraindications are derived from the general surgery and traumatology practice due to the high risk of developing epidural hematoma, but do not take into account the features, including physiological hypercoagulation, of pregnant patients. Refusal of the patient to perform a neuroaxial blockade during delivery on the basis of only counting the number of platelets often leads to an unreasonable increase in the risk / benefit ratio for both the mother and the fetus. Analysis of the research results indicates a change in attitude towards this problem towards a more loyal approach, taking into account the assessment of the coagulative status of a particular patient.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гестационная тромбоцитопения</kwd><kwd>эпидуральная гематома</kwd><kwd>нейроаксиальная блокада</kwd><kwd>тромбоэластография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gestational thrombocytopenia</kwd><kwd>epidural hematoma</kwd><kwd>neuroaxial blockade</kwd><kwd>thromboelastography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gernsheimer T. How I treat thrombocytopenia in pregnancy. Blood. 2013;121(1):38-47. doi:10.1182/blood-2012-08-448944.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gernsheimer T. How I treat thrombocytopenia in pregnancy. 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