<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">inovmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Инновационная медицина Кубани</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Innovative Medicine of Kuban</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2541-9897</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35401/2500-0268-2020-18-2-28-34</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">inovmed-272</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лечение болевого синдрома после эстетических операций на молочных железах ботулотоксином типа A</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Treatment of pain syndrome after aesthetic breast surgery with botulinum toxin type A</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4566-5658</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ермилова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ermilova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ермилова Евгения Валерьевна, соискатель кафедры патологической физиологии</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniia V. Ermilova, External PhD student, Department of Pathological Physiology</p><p>6, Akademika Lebedeva str., St. Petersburg, 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ermilova_md@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2493-5498</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зиновьев</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinovev</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зиновьев Евгений Владимирович, д. м. н., профессор, руководитель отдела термических поражений</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenii V. Zinovev, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Thermal Injuries </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2133-6630</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ямпольская</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yampolskaya</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ямпольская Екатерина Николаевна, к. м. н, врач ультразвуковой диагностики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina N. Yampolskaya, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Ultrasonic Medical Investigation Specialist</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова Министерства обороны РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова Министерства обороны РФ; Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. И.И. Джанелидзе; Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kirov Military Medical Academy; St. Petersburg I.I. Dzhanelidze Research Institute of Emergency Medicine; St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ермилова Е.В., Зиновьев Е.В., Ямпольская Е.Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ермилова Е.В., Зиновьев Е.В., Ямпольская Е.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ermilova E.V., Zinovev E.V., Yampolskaya E.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.innovmedkub.ru/jour/article/view/272">https://www.innovmedkub.ru/jour/article/view/272</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Обосновать возможность использования ботулотоксина типа А для купирования болевого синдрома после эстетического эндопротезирования молочных желез.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включены 72 женщины в возрасте от 21 до 45 лет, которым планировалось выполнить эндопротезирование молочных желез силиконовыми имплантами. Все пациентки были разделены на две группы: в первую группу вошли 38, во вторую – 34 человека. За две недели до предполагаемой даты операции пациенткам первой группы с целью купирования болевого синдрома в большую грудную мышцу был введен ботулотоксин типа А в количестве 100 ЕД. Пациенткам второй (контрольной) группы в большую грудную мышцу вводился 0,9%-й раствор NaCl (эффект плацебо). Всем пациенткам выполнялась электронейромиография (ЭНМГ) для оценки денервации большой грудной мышцы до введения препаратов и через две недели после.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Интенсивность болевого синдрома оценивалась в 1–2-е сутки после операции с помощью специальной анкеты-опросника. У женщин первой группы, которым за две недели до предполагаемой операции вводили ботулотоксин типа А, наблюдалось снижение интенсивности болевого синдрома, что в большинстве случаев позволило не принимать анальгетики вовсе. У женщин второй группы, которым вводился 0,9%-й раствор NaCl, выраженность болевого синдрома достигала максимальных величин (согласно анкете-опроснику), что потребовало назначения анальгетиков, в том числе наркотических, для купирования выраженного болевого синдрома. По данным ЭНМГ, при использовании ботулотоксина типа А при помощи инъекций в большую грудную мышцу показатели денервации достигали 55% в сравнении с исходными, при использовании физиологического раствора показатели ЭНМГ не изменялись.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Использование в клинической практике инъекций ботулотоксина типа А в большую грудную мышцу позволит улучшить результаты лечения болевого синдрома после эндопротезирования молочных желез имплантами в эстетической хирургии. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To justify the possibility of using botulotoxin type A for the prevention of pain syndrome after aesthetic endoprosthesis of the mammary glands.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. The study included 72 women aged between 21 and 45 to whom were scheduled to perform breast endoprosthesis with silicone implants. All patients were divided into two groups: the first group included 38, the second group – 34 people. Two weeks before the expected date of surgery, botulotoxin type A in an amount of 100 U was injected into the patients of the first group to reduce pain syndrome in the pectoralis major muscle. Patients of the second (control) group were injected with a 0.9% NaCl solution (placebo effect) into the pectoralis major muscle. All patients underwent electroneuromyography (ENMG) to assess the denervation of the pectoralis major muscle before drug administration and two weeks after.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The intensity of pain syndrome was evaluated on the 1st-2nd day after surgery using a special questionnaire. In women of the first group, who were injected with botulinum toxin type A two weeks prior the intended surgery, a decrease in the intensity of the pain syndrome was observed, which in most cases allowed not to take analgesics at all. In women of the second group who were injected with a 0.9% NaCl solution, the severity of the pain syndrome reached its maximum values (according to the questionnaire), which required the prescription of analgesics, including narcotic ones, to reduce the severity of the pain syndrome. According to ENMG, when using botulotoxin type A by injecting into the pectoralis major muscle, denervation indices reached 55% compared to the initial ones, while using the saline solution, the ENMG indices did not change.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Clinical use of botulotoxin type A injections into the pectoralis major muscle will improve the results of pain syndrome treatment after endoprosthetics of the mammary glands with implants in aesthetic surgery. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндопротезирование молочных желез</kwd><kwd>молочные железы</kwd><kwd>болевой синдром</kwd><kwd>ботулотоксин типа A</kwd><kwd>электронейромиография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endoprosthetics of the mammary glands</kwd><kwd>mammary glands</kwd><kwd>pain syndrome</kwd><kwd>botulinum toxin type A</kwd><kwd>electroneuromyography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sperlingl ML von, Høimyrl H, Finnerupl K, Jensenl TS, Finnerupl NB. Persistent pain and sensory changes following cosmetic breast augmentation. Eur J Pain. 2011;15(3):328–32. PMID: 20727797. doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2010.07.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sperlingl ML von, Høimyrl H, Finnerupl K, Jensenl TS, Finnerupl NB. Persistent pain and sensory changes following cosmetic breast augmentation. Eur J Pain. 2011;15(3):328–32. PMID: 20727797. doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2010.07.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Корнилова Л.Е., Соков Е.Л. Заболевания периферической нервной системы и болевые синдромы. Новые аспекты патогенеза и лечения: учебное пособие. М.: РУДН; 2008. 189 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kornilova LE, Sokov EL. Diseases of the Peripheral Nervous System and Pain Syndromes. New Aspects of Pathogenesis and Treatment. [textbook]. Moscow: Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia; 2008. 189 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шанин Ю.Н. Послеоперационное обезболивание как элемент системы интенсивного наблюдения, профилактики, лечения и реабилитации раненых и больных. Клиническая патофизиология. 2011;1–3:3–17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shanin YuN. Postoperative analgesia as an element of the system of intensive monitoring, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of the injured and sick. Clinical Pathophysiology. 2011;1–3:3–17. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Terman GW, Bonica JJ. Spinal mechanisms and their modulation. In: Loeser JD, Butler SH, Chapman CR, Turk DC, eds. Bonica’s Management of Pain. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2003:73.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Terman GW, Bonica JJ. Spinal mechanisms and their modulation. In: Loeser JD, Butler SH, Chapman CR, Turk DC, eds. Bonica’s Management of Pain. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2003:73.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fletcher D, Fermanian C, Mardaye A, Aegerter P; Pain and Regional Anesthesia Committee of the French Anesthesia and Intensive Care Society (SFAR). A patient-based national survey on postoperative pain management in France reveals significant achievements and persistent challenges. Pain. 2008;137(2):441–51. PMID: 18417292. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2008.02.026</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fletcher D, Fermanian C, Mardaye A, Aegerter P; Pain and Regional Anesthesia Committee of the French Anesthesia and Intensive Care Society (SFAR). A patient-based national survey on postoperative pain management in France reveals significant achievements and persistent challenges. Pain. 2008;137(2):441–51. PMID: 18417292. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2008.02.026</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kehlet H, Edwards RR, Buvanendran A. Persistent postoperative pain: pathogenic mechanisms and preventive strategies. In: Pain 2012 Refresher Courses: 14th Congress on Pain. 2015;Wolters Kluwer Health Adis:133–46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kehlet H, Edwards RR, Buvanendran A. Persistent postoperative pain: pathogenic mechanisms and preventive strategies. In: Pain 2012 Refresher Courses: 14th Congress on Pain. 2015;Wolters Kluwer Health Adis:133–46.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gerbershagen HJ, Aduckathil S, van Wijck AJM, et al. Pain intensity on the first day after surgery: a prospective cohort study comparing 179 surgical procedures. Anesthesiology. 2013;118(4):934–44. PMID: 23392233. doi:10.1097/aln.0b013e31828866b3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gerbershagen HJ, Aduckathil S, van Wijck AJM, et al. Pain intensity on the first day after surgery: a prospective cohort study comparing 179 surgical procedures. Anesthesiology. 2013;118(4):934–44. PMID: 23392233. doi:10.1097/aln.0b013e31828866b3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cordeiro PG, McCarthy CM. A single surgeon’s 12-year experience with tissue expander/implant breast reconstruction. Part I. A prospective analysis of early complications. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006;118(4):825–31. PMID: 16980842. doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000232362.82402.e8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cordeiro PG, McCarthy CM. A single surgeon’s 12-year experience with tissue expander/implant breast reconstruction. Part I. A prospective analysis of early complications. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006;118(4):825–31. PMID: 16980842. doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000232362.82402.e8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumagai Ya, Shiokawa Yu, Medsger TA Jr, Rodnan GP. Clinical spectrum of connective tissue disease after cosmetic surgery: observations on eighteen patients and a review of the Japanese literature. Arthritis Rheum. 1984;27(1):1–12. PMID: 6691849. doi:10.1002/art.1780270101</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumagai Ya, Shiokawa Yu, Medsger TA Jr, Rodnan GP. Clinical spectrum of connective tissue disease after cosmetic surgery: observations on eighteen patients and a review of the Japanese literature. Arthritis Rheum. 1984;27(1):1–12. PMID: 6691849. doi:10.1002/art.1780270101</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaasa T, Romundstad L, Roald H, Skolleborg K, Stubhaug A. Hyperesthesia one year after breast augmentation surgery increases the odds for persisting pain at four years: a prospective four-year follow-up study. Scand J Pain. 2010;1(2):75–81. PMID: 29913948. doi:10.1016/j.sjpain.2010.01.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaasa T, Romundstad L, Roald H, Skolleborg K, Stubhaug A. Hyperesthesia one year after breast augmentation surgery increases the odds for persisting pain at four years: a prospective four-year follow-up study. Scand J Pain. 2010;1(2):75–81. PMID: 29913948. doi:10.1016/j.sjpain.2010.01.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pereira LH, Sterodimas A. Transaxillary breast augmentation: a prospective comparison of subglandular, subfascial, and submuscular implant insertion. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2009;33(5):752–9. PMID: 19597863. doi:10.1007/s00266-009-9389-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pereira LH, Sterodimas A. Transaxillary breast augmentation: a prospective comparison of subglandular, subfascial, and submuscular implant insertion. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2009;33(5):752–9. PMID: 19597863. doi:10.1007/s00266-009-9389-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lesavoy MA, Trussler AP, Dickinson BP. Difficulties with subpectoral augmentation mammaplasty and its correction: the role of subglandular site change in revision aesthetic breast surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2010;125(1):363–71. PMID: 20048627. doi:10.1097/prs.0b013e3181c2a4b0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lesavoy MA, Trussler AP, Dickinson BP. Difficulties with subpectoral augmentation mammaplasty and its correction: the role of subglandular site change in revision aesthetic breast surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2010;125(1):363–71. PMID: 20048627. doi:10.1097/prs.0b013e3181c2a4b0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Овечкин А.М. Послеоперационная боль: состояние проблемы и современные тенденции послеоперационного обезболивания. Регионарная анестезия и лечение острой боли. 2015;9(2):29–39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ovechkin AM. Postoperative pain: the state of problem and current trends in postoperative analgesia. Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management. 2015;9(2):29–39. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peters ML, Sommer JM, de Rijke JM, et al. Somatic and psychologic predictors of long-term unfavorable outcome after surgical intervention. Ann Surg. 2007;245(3):487–94. PMID: 17435557. PMCID: PMC1877055. doi:10.1097/01.sla.0000245495.79781.65</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peters ML, Sommer JM, de Rijke JM, et al. Somatic and psychologic predictors of long-term unfavorable outcome after surgical intervention. Ann Surg. 2007;245(3):487–94. PMID: 17435557. PMCID: PMC1877055. doi:10.1097/01.sla.0000245495.79781.65</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wallace MS, Wallace A, Lee J, Dobke M. Pain after breast surgery: a survey of 282 women. Pain. 1996;66(2–3):195– 205. PMID: 8880841. doi:10.1016/0304-3959(96)03064-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wallace MS, Wallace A, Lee J, Dobke M. Pain after breast surgery: a survey of 282 women. Pain. 1996;66(2–3):195–205. PMID: 8880841. doi:10.1016/0304-3959(96)03064-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bruce J, Thornton A, Powell R, et al. Psychological, surgical, and sociodemographic predictors of pain outcomes after breast cancer surgery: a population-based cohort study. Pain. 2014;155(2):232–43. PMID: 24099954. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2013.09.028</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bruce J, Thornton A, Powell R, et al. Psychological, surgical, and sociodemographic predictors of pain outcomes after breast cancer surgery: a population-based cohort study. Pain. 2014;155(2):232–43. PMID: 24099954. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2013.09.028</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nelson JA, Fischer JP, Pasick C, et al. Chronic pain following abdominal free flap breast reconstruction: a prospective pilot analysis. Ann Plast Surg. 2013;71(3):278–82. PMID: 23788145. doi:10.1097/sap.0b013e31828637ec</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nelson JA, Fischer JP, Pasick C, et al. Chronic pain following abdominal free flap breast reconstruction: a prospective pilot analysis. Ann Plast Surg. 2013;71(3):278–82. PMID: 23788145. doi:10.1097/sap.0b013e31828637ec</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Овечкин А.М., Звижулева А.А. Послеоперационное обезболивание в пластической хирургии. Регионарная анестезия и лечение острой боли. 2016;10(2):82–96.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ovechkin AM, Zvizhuleva AA. Postoperative analgesia in plastic surgery. Regional Anesthesia and Treatment of Acute Pain. 2016;10(2):82–96. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Колоколов О.В., Ситкали И.В., Колоколова А.М. Ноцицептивная боль в практике невролога: алгоритмы диагностики, адекватность и безопасность терапии. РМЖ. 2015;23(12):664–7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kolokolov OV, Sitkali IV, Kolokolova AM. Nociceptive pain in the practice of a neurologist: diagnostic algorithms, adequacy and safety of therapy. RMJ (Russian Medical Journal). 2015;23(12):664–7. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dubin AE, Patapoutian A. Nociceptors: the sensors of the pain pathway. J Clin Invest. 2010;120(11):3760–72. PMID: 21041958. PMCID: PMC2964977. doi:10.1172/JCI42843</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dubin AE, Patapoutian A. Nociceptors: the sensors of the pain pathway. J Clin Invest. 2010;120(11):3760–72. PMID: 21041958. PMCID: PMC2964977. doi:10.1172/JCI42843</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Basbaum AI, Bautista DM, Scherrer G, Julius D. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of pain. Cell. 2009;139(2):267–84. PMID: 19837031. PMCID: PMC2852643. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.09.028</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Basbaum AI, Bautista DM, Scherrer G, Julius D. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of pain. Cell. 2009;139(2):267–84. PMID: 19837031. PMCID: PMC2852643. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.09.028</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
