inovmedИнновационная медицина КубаниInnovative Medicine of Kuban2541-9897Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 110.35401/2541-9897-2024-9-2-108-114inovmed-852Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSЦиркадные ритмы печени и их половой диморфизм: современное состояние проблемыCircadian Rhythms of the Liver and Their Sexual Dimorphism: Current State of the Problemhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3006-6281АрешидзеД. А.AreshidzeD. A.

Арешидзе Давид Александрович, к. б. н., заведующий лаборатории патологии клетки

117418, Москва, ул. Цюрупы, д. 3

David А. Areshidze, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Head of the Cell Pathology Laboratory

ulitsa Tsyurupy 3, Moscow, 117418

labcelpat@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7896-2080КактурскийЛ. В.KakturskiyL. V.

Кактурский Лев Владимирович, д. м. н., профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, научный руководитель

Москва

Lev V. Kakturskiy, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientific Director of the Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology

Moscow

Научно-исследовательский институт морфологии человека им. акад. А.П. Авцына Российского научного центра хирургии им. акад. Б.В. ПетровскогоРоссияAvtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery Research InstituteRussian Federation20243006202402108114Copyright © Арешидзе Д.А., Кактурский Л.В., 20242024Арешидзе Д.А., Кактурский Л.В.Areshidze D.A., Kakturskiy L.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.innovmedkub.ru/jour/article/view/852

Ритмичность процессов функционирования жизнедеятельности на клеточном, органном и системном уровнях является одним из фундаментальных свойств живого. Среди широкого спектра биоритмов наиболее важными для млекопитающих являются циркадианные (циркадные) ритмы. У млекопитающих циркадные ритмы согласовывают протекание широкого спектра физиологических процессов c постоянно меняющимися условиями окружающей среды, в первую очередь, со световым режимом. Данные об особенностях циркадных ритмов печени – важнейшего органа поддержания гомеостаза – ограничены, а иногда и вовсе противоречивы. Целью настоящей статьи является анализ современных научных работ, посвященных вопросам организации суточных ритмов на генном, клеточном и органном уровнях. Актуальность данного обзора обусловлена тем, что за последние десятилетия накоплен значительный объем знаний о том, что нарушение нормальной циркадной ритмичности печени лежит в основе развития ряда тяжелых патологий. В статье освещены некоторые аспекты нормальной циркадной ритмичности функционирования печени и роли нарушения циркадных ритмов в возникновении некоторых патологий. Особое внимание уделено малоизученному вопросу половых различий в суточной ритмичности функционирования печени млекопитающих.

The rhythmicity of life functioning processes at the cellular, organ, and system levels is one of the fundamental properties of living things. Among the wide range of biorhythms, circadian rhythms are the most important for mammals. In mammals, circadian rhythms coordinate a wide range of physiological processes with constantly changing environmental conditions, primarily with light conditions. Data on the characteristics of the circadian rhythms of the liver (the most important organ for maintaining homeostasis) are limited and sometimes even contradictory. We aim to analyze modern literature investigating the organization of circadian rhythms at the gene, cellular, and organ levels. Over the past decades, it has become known that disruption of the normal circadian rhythm of the liver underlies the development of several pathologies. This article highlights some aspects of the normal circadian rhythm functioning and the role of circadian dysfunction in the occurrence of specific pathologies. We also focus on the little-explored issue of sex differences in the circadian rhythms of the mammalian liver.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.