Spinal Anesthesia in Morbidly Obese Patients: Risks, Benefits, and Future Perspectives
https://doi.org/10.35401/2541-9897-2025-10-3-99-105
Abstract
Background: Morbid obesity is associated with unique physiological alterations that elevate the risk of perioperative complications. Spinal anesthesia represents a promising approach that may reduce the risks related to general anesthesia; however, its safety and efficacy in morbidly obese patients require further investigation.
Objective: To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and potential benefits of spinal anesthesia in morbidly obese patients and to develop recommendations for minimizing associated risks.
Materials and Methods: An analysis of 12 studies (2013–2023) involving over 1,500 morbidly obese patients was conducted. Clinical outcomes, complication rates, and patient satisfaction were evaluated. Data from randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and large cohort studies were utilized.
Results: Spinal anesthesia in morbidly obese patients is associated with fewer respiratory complications (odds ratio 0.4; 95% CI 0.3–0.6), reduced opioid requirements, and shorter recovery time compared to general anesthesia. However, technical challenges due to anatomical characteristics, an increased risk of hypotension (15%), and a moderately higher incidence of post-dural puncture headache (3%) were observed.
Conclusions: Spinal anesthesia may be a safe and effective option for morbidly obese patients when thorough planning and monitoring are implemented.
About the Authors
T. K. Nematulloev
Samarkand State Medical University
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Tukhtasin K. Nematulloev, Assistant of the Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation, and Emergency Medicine
18 Amir Temur, Samarkand, 140100
M. M. Matlubov
Samarkand State Medical University
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Mansur M. Matlubov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation, and Emergency Medicine
18 Amir Temur, Samarkand, 140100
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For citations:
Nematulloev T.K., Matlubov M.M. Spinal Anesthesia in Morbidly Obese Patients: Risks, Benefits, and Future Perspectives. Innovative Medicine of Kuban. 2025;10(3):99-105. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.35401/2541-9897-2025-10-3-99-105
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