Liquid biopsy: the current state of the issue
https://doi.org/10.35401/2500-0268-2021-23-3-57-63
Abstract
Background Liquid biopsy is a promising method of diagnosing malignant tumors. It allows determining the level of free circulating tumor cells – micrometastases, tumor DNA, microRNA and exosomes in blood plasma, as well as detecting various genetic changes. This work included a literature review of current scientific publications on liquid biopsy techniques indexed in PubMed.
Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and peculiarities of this technique in comparison with standard methods of morphological verification of oncological diseases, as well as the feasibility of its use in clinical practice. Compared to tissue biopsy LB has the following advantages: simplicity and speed of examination, easy repeatability and low invasiveness, possibility of dynamic monitoring of tumor progression – general clonal transformation as well as the appearance of resistance to treatment. The disadvantages of this method include low sensitivity, difficulty in proper interpretation of biomarkers and determination of their specificity, high risk of false positive and false negative results due to the presence of dormant tumor cells.
Conclusion Currently, liquid biopsy analysis in clinical practice requires standardization and continuous validation.
About the Authors
E. A. Pasechnikova
Kuban State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Elizaveta A. Pasechnikova, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Oncology with a Course of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Advanced Training and Professional Retraining of Specialists
4, M. Sedina str, Krasnodar, 350063
V. N. Bodnya
Kuban State Medical University;
Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Hospital no. 1
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vadim N. Bodnya, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Oncologist, Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Hospital no. 1, Associate Professor of the Department of Oncology with a Course of Thoracic Surgery, Kuban State Medical University
Krasnodar
S. V. Sharov
Clinical Oncology Dispensary no. 1
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Sergey V. Sharov, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Deputy Chief Physician for Pharmaceutical Provision
Krasnodar
D. V. Kadomtsev
Clinical Oncology Dispensary no. 1
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dmitry V. Kadomtsev, Oncologist
Krasnodar
A. Y. Georgieva
Kuban State Medical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Anastasiya Y. Georgieva, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Oncology with a Course of Thoracic Surgery
Krasnodar
A. I. Stukan
Clinical Oncology Dispensary no. 1
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Anastasiya I. Stukan, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Oncologist
Krasnodar
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For citations:
Pasechnikova E.A., Bodnya V.N., Sharov S.V., Kadomtsev D.V., Georgieva A.Y., Stukan A.I. Liquid biopsy: the current state of the issue. Innovative Medicine of Kuban. 2021;(3):57-63. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.35401/2500-0268-2021-23-3-57-63
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